山东东营凹陷沙河街组纹层年龄估算方法探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

LI Bao-li  YAO Yi-min  ZHANG Shou-peng  ZHANG Hai-feng Geological Scientific Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Company  SINOPEC  Dongying 《地层学杂志》2007,(Z2)

渤海湾盆地位于北纬35°—42°之间,中始新世沙河街组四段上部和三段沉积期间,在气候上属于中亚热带,湖泊水体较为稳定,并出现季节性分层,因此沉积常显示出暗灰和浅灰色的年纹层(或称偶层)。根据不少国内外湖泊纹泥统计和14C测定和频谱分析的对比,认为纹层可以作为地层定年工具。纹层年龄计算方法研究对含油盆地成烃成藏定量研究具有重要意义。东营凹陷年纹层计算方法有两种,或选定含纹层岩芯样品进行岩石薄片和电子探针观察和测定,取得年纹层间隔与元素峰值统计;或选取一段含纹层的测井数据作天文400ka、40ka或20ka周期地层年龄计算。通过两种方法求出东营凹陷通29井等沙三段—沙四上亚段堆积速率的比较,前者薄片和探针方法得到的平均速率为0.1078mm/a,后者天文的方法得到的是0.1280mm/a,两者计算差只有0.0172mm/a。因此应用两种方法来计算地层年龄和对比是可行的。前者求纹层方法更为直观,但岩芯和电子探针的测定费用较大,而相比而言,用油田测井数据作天文地层堆积速率和年龄的计算,在经济上、时间上可能胜于前者。  相似文献   

粘土中电磁波速度与含水量关系研究及应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴信民  曹俊昌  杨亚新  刘超英  张宝松 《水文地质工程地质》2007,34(5):120-122,127

本文通过室内不同含水量情况下粘土中电磁波速度的测试,研究了探地雷达电磁波在粘土中的传速播度,提出了粘土中电磁波速度随着含水量增加呈一阶负指数规律下降的理论模型,实际工作中,粘土中电磁波的传播速度可取80~200mm/ns。这一模型应用于某水库大坝探测漏水通道的工程实际中。开挖验证的结果表明:用探地雷达测量资料解释的该大坝漏水通道在平面上的投影位置与开挖结果相符合,漏水通道深度与实际开挖结果基本一致。  相似文献   

盱眙高家洼-梁家洼凹凸棒石粘土矿床成矿特征及成因研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖书明  吴仕良 《江苏地质》2007,31(1):10-15

盱眙高家洼—梁家洼凹凸棒石粘土矿床是苏皖新生代凹凸棒石粘土成矿带的典型矿床之一。分析研究了Ⅴ号粘土矿层分布特征、矿石的矿物成分、化学成分、物化性能与工艺性能,与成矿带内龙王山等矿床同层位矿石及顶底板玄武岩作了化学成分比较。分析了凹凸棒石粘土矿的成矿环境与物理化学条件,指出了矿床成因。  相似文献   

盾构砂性土层所加泡沫剂替代品的工地试验研究     

黄留新  唐汉  盛国新 《江苏地质》2007,31(3):262-267

以上海地铁M8线盾构掘进施工为实例,对掘进过程中所用的进口和国产泡沫剂的性能和效果进行了分析,从中选择有效、经济的泡沫代品,为以后的泡沫法盾构施工提供借鉴和参考。  相似文献   

中国南方红土环境磁学   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

卢升高 《第四纪研究》2007,27(6):1016-1022

第四纪红土是中国南方古环境演化与气候变迁的最佳载体之一,记录了南方的古地理、古气候环境变迁信息.典型红土剖面由现代红壤层、均质层、网纹层、砾石层或基岩层组成,均质红土磁化率值多在80×10-8～250×10-8 m3/kg,网纹红土磁化率约低一个数量级.红土的磁化率-温度(χ-T)曲线、等温剩磁获得曲线、XRD和TEM分析认为,成土过程产生的细粒磁性矿物(包括磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿和赤铁矿)是红土磁性的主要载体.对红土的岩石磁学和矿物学综合分析认为,红土磁性矿物的含量、粒度、类型等可能指示其形成时期的某种环境变化,红土磁性是南方第四纪环境变迁研究的重要手段,但由于红土的物源以及受后期化学风化改造的复杂性,红土的环境磁学研究需要新的思路和方法.  相似文献   

Response of Reactive Phosphorus Burial to the Sedimentary Transition from Cretaceous Black Shales to Oceanic Red Beds in Southern Tibet          下载免费PDF全文

Huang Yongjian  Wang Chengshan  Chen Xi 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(6):1012-1018

The mechanism of sedimentary transition from the Cretaceous black shales to the oceanic red beds is a new and important direction of Cretaceous research. Chemical sequential extraction is applied to study the burial records of reactive phosphorus in the black shale of the Gyabula Formation and oceanic red beds of the Chuangde Formation, Southern Tibet. Results indicate that the principal reactive phosphorus species is the authigenic and carbonate-associated phosphorus (CaP) in the Gyabula Formation and iron oxides-associated phosphorus (FeP) in the Chuangde Formation which accounts for more than half of their own total phosphorus content. While the authigenic and carbonate-associated phosphorus (CaP) is almost equal in the two Formations; the iron oxides-associated phosphorus is about 1.6 times higher in the Chuangde Formation than that in the Gyabula Formation resulting in a higher content of the total phosphorus in the Chuangde Formation. According to the observations on the marine phosphorus cycle in Modern Ocean, it is found that preferential burial and regeneration of reactive phosphorus corresponds to highly oxic and reducing conditions, respectively, leading to the different distribution of phosphorus in these two distinct type of marine sediments. It is the redox-sensitive behavior of phosphorus cycle to the different redox conditions in the ocean and the controlling effects of phosphorus to the marine production that stimulate the local sedimentary transition from the Cretaceous black shale to the oceanic red beds.  相似文献   

Influence of matric suction on shear strength behavior of a residual clayey soil   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

C. Kayadelen  M. A. Tekinsoy  T. Taşkıran 《Environmental Geology》2007,53(4):891-901

In this paper, the shear strength with respect to the matric suction of unsaturated soils was studied. For this purpose, unsaturated triaxial testing procedures were applied to the undisturbed residual soil specimens. An apparatus for performing triaxial tests was designed and constructed. In the tests, matric suction was controlled by using the axis translation technique, and pore water volume changes were measured by means of a volume change transducer with 10⁻⁸ m³ sensitivity. The test results indicated that the matric suction contributes to the shear strength of unsaturated soil specimens, and this contribution called suction strength varies non-linearly with respect to the matric suction. The logarithmic model needing to know the air-entry value and the internal friction angle of a soil specimen for prediction of the suction strength were presented and compared with the test results. It was found that suction strength values predicted from the proposed model were in satisfactory agreement with the experimental results.  相似文献   

Observations and predictions of hydromechanical coupling effects in the Boom clay,Mol Underground Research Laboratory,Belgium     

Jean-Dominique?BarnichonEmail author  Geert?Volckaert 《Hydrogeology Journal》2003,11(1):193-202

The Boom clay is considered as a candidate host rock for the Belgian disposal of radioactive waste. Thanks to the recent sinking of a new shaft to extend the Underground Research Laboratory (URL) at the Mol site, new in-situ data have been obtained. They consist in the observation of significant fracturing, evidenced during the excavation of the shaft annexes, and in correlated hydraulic perturbations in the far field (maximum of 0.2 MPa at 60-m radius). These observations cannot be explained from simple poroplastic models that predict a maximum perturbation extent of 25 m under full deconfinement. Thus, models with increasing complexity are built to explain this discrepancy. It is proposed that the low-support pressure imposed by the primary lining, combined with the long time over which this support condition held, has favoured the decompression of the clay massif through time-dependent effects, mainly skeleton viscosity. This resulted in near-field fracturing, leading to an apparent increase of the excavated radius and to a hydraulic perturbation in the far field. This interpretation still needs to be validated/invalidated with future research. The effect on the overall performance of the repository is expected to remain small due to the self-healing nature of the fractures. Electronic Publication  相似文献   

黄河沉积物中稀土元素(REE)组成的粒度效应^*     

戴慧敏  鲍庆中  杨作升  王水利  宫传东  张泉  孙中任 《第四纪研究》2007,27(5):718-723

依据Stokes颗粒沉降原理将黄河利津水文站和汊河清八站的表层沉积物分别提取为<2μm,2~4μm,4~8μm,8~16μm,16~32μm和32~63μm的6个粒级,采用ICP-MS法对各个粒级沉积物的15个稀土元素进行测试。结果表明:黄河沉积物两个样品REE含量随粒度增大的变化趋势有细微差别,但总体随粒度大小呈"高—低—高"的不对称马鞍型分布,其中最高REE含量和最低REE含量分别位于<4μm的粘土粒级和4~16μm细粉砂粒级中; 各粒级沉积物经北美页岩标准化后,REE的配分模式一致,呈平缓的右倾型,相对富集轻稀土,明显的Eu正异常和Ce负异常。对各个粒级样品进行X射线衍射分析及体视镜下观测,石英含量随粒级增大而增加, 长石在8~16μm中含量最高,在16~32μm中,碳酸岩含量最高,随着粒级增大,重矿物含量逐渐增加,黄河沉积物REE随粒度的变化特征与粘土矿物对其吸附及流域碎屑沉积物不同粒级的矿物成分密切相关。  相似文献   

伊利石单元粒子及其研究意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨献忠 《地球科学进展》2002,17(5):659-663

单元粒子是单晶体构成的细小的粘土颗粒,是由一种或多种层状结构的硅酸盐构成的混层粘土的基本单元。多数伊利石单元粒子以混层晶体的"建筑砌块"的形式产出,"砌块"与"砌块"之间,在 a、b方向通过"砌块"的边缘界面相"砌合"而连接,在 c轴方向通过平面界面相"砌合"而连接。还对伊利石单元粒子的生长机理及形成过程中的形态变化、利用伊利石单元粒子的厚度划分成岩作用阶段等方面的研究成果进行了综述。伊利石单元粒子的形成过程有三个阶段：蒙脱石伊利石化过程中2nm厚的伊利石粒子的成核作用阶段、成核作用与生长作用阶段和表面控制生长阶段。伊利石单元粒子生长过程中,伊利石单元粒子呈现从板状体到条状体的生长,而板状颗粒又呈现各种螺旋生长图案,有圆形、残缺的圆形、多边螺旋、平行阶梯状螺旋、交错螺旋等。伊利石单元粒子的厚度分布服从对数正态型,其峰值为10.5nm。单元粒子与纳米科技两者的主要研究内容和所采用的方法基本一致,建议今后将研究单元粒子与研究纳米粘土矿物学有机地结合起来。  相似文献